The Lapindo mud-flow disaster (also known as Lusi) refers to the continuous
eruption of a mud volcano in Porong, Sidoarjo in East Java. This, the biggest
mud volcano in the world has submerged a dozen villages, displaced some 30,000 residents, and prompted the closure
and route diversion of major highways since it started erupting in May 2006.
There is an ongoing controversy surrounding its trigger. Several quarters contend that the disaster is human-made, started
by the blowout of a natural gas well drilled by PT Lapindo Brantas in the area.︎︎︎
Satrio Wicaksono, James Russell, and Satria Bijaksana, “Compound-Specific
Stable Isotope Records of Vegetation and Hydrologic Change in Central Sulawesi Since 53,000 yr BP,” Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 430 (2015): 47–56.︎︎︎
Simon Lewis and Mark Maslin, “Defining the Anthropocene,” Nature 519, no. 12
(March 2015): 171–80.︎︎︎